Curious Contrasts in Southern Sri Lanka
Embark upon a voyage of diverse discoveries
along Sri Lanka’s southern coast … From beautiful beaches off the beaten track to
colourful culture in the heart of a Sri Lankan home. And history comes alive in
the ancient port of Galle where exotic goods were traded in the time of
Abraham. Or simply relax in an eco-lodge offering timeless tranquillity in Sri
Lanka’s luscious landscape.
Characterful Coves
As you descend from the fragrant plantations
of Sri Lanka’s green heights, the air is freshened by salty breezes from the
crashing waves of its southern shores. Outlying reefs provide protection to the
secluded palm-fringed coastline, while forming shallow lagoons for a few
fishing boats or the occasional local bather. There is a certain serenity
associated with a somnolent Sunday when time seems to take on a different
meaning … And there is no better place to spend a day of rest than Mirissa, a
small coastal town whose attractive beach offers relaxation under a palm-thatched
umbrella. Its foamy crests entice energetic surfers and its coral reefs inspire
keen snorkelers; while others come for its impressive sightings of whales,
dolphins and turtles.
Mirissa has a certain hippy vibe that sets it
apart from Sri Lanka’s typical tourist trail. Pastel coloured beach shacks sell
healthy juices and the latest in vegan cuisine – popular favourites among its
beatnik clientele. The beach is equally frequented by the locals, particularly at
the weekend when small groups gather for picnics or ball games. The town itself
is dotted with cafés and restaurants, together with small shops selling local artifacts
and surfing paraphernalia. There is range of places to stay to suit every
budget, from hostels to boutique hotels, as well as eco-lodges and ayurvedic
yoga retreats.
Home Is Where the Heart Is
Further accommodation can be found in a
hospitable homestay that provides an authentic insight into Sri Lanka’s domestic
culture. Dotted along the southern coast there are many host families inviting
guests to their homes – often rather modest, yet creatively decorated in a bright
palette evocative of Mexican casas. This creativity extends to welcoming touches,
be it pleated bedspreads adorned with fragrant flowers or fresh juice topped with
tropical fruit.
Although respectfully revered, guests may be asked
to help prepare the evening meal. Commonly adept in the art of cuisine, their Sri
Lankan hosts skilfully choreograph this gastronomic performance – grating, slicing,
sautéing an array of herbs, spices and vegetables. This pan-frying dance is
akin to a culinary ballet producing a grand finale of subtly spiced vegetable
dishes to tantalise the tastebuds. This sumptuous feast is generally eaten together;
and while Westerners enjoy conversation, most Sri Lankans relish their meal in
silence – social discussion is usually before the meal. Cutlery may well be
provided for guests, but Sri Lankan hosts traditionally eat with the fingers of
their right hand. This custom originates from Eastern religions that consider
the right hand to be ‘noble’ and the left hand to be ‘unclean’ as it is used
for bodily hygiene. Another Eastern tradition is to leave a small amount of
food on your plate to indicate satiety, whereas a clean plate signifies that
you are still hungry.
Sri Lankan hosts tend to retire to slumber
soon after the evening meal, and then wake early to prepare a breakfast for
their guests. This normally consists of fresh fruit, ‘pol roti’ (coconut flat
bread) or ‘hoppers’ (semi-spherical pancakes), which may be accompanied by
lentil dahl or curry – all served with herb-infused tea. Although Sinhala is
the common language, many Sri Lankans have a basic knowledge of English; so, with
the help of sign language, guests can strike up a good rapport with their hosts
and some even stay in touch with these generous-hearted families. On a parting
note, gifts such as a memento of the guest’s home country make a nice gesture
of thanks.
Historical Treasure
The charming coves of this southern coast are
equally famed for their stilt-fishermen. Popularised by an iconic photograph
from the 90s, this stilt-fishing method is sadly no longer economical, so is
seldom practised. The few stilt-fishermen that remain are now earning more
money posing for photographs or teaching tourists this bygone skill.
By contrast, the common technique now used in
Sri Lanka is ‘beach seine’ or ‘drag-net’ fishing, which involves encircling a
large area of water with a net to entrap a considerable quantity of fish. This
is a customary sight when entering the town of Galle by way of its bountiful
bays. Crowds frequently gather round to watch a merry band of men ‘play
tug-of-war’ as they heave on ropes hauling their winnings ashore. This daily
catch is usually destined for the fish market lining the roadside behind the
beach. Shaded by corrugated awnings, these makeshift stalls are laden with
shiny fish – including those caught at the crack of dawn by local fishermen
whose colourful wooden boats and tangled nets punctuate the beach.
Beyond this hive of present day activity is
‘Galle Fort’, steadfastly resisting the passage of time upon its rocky
peninsula. Within the walls of this robust fortification is an attractive
residential community whose quiet tree-lined streets and well-preserved
buildings invite you to simply amble and take in the surroundings.
Some travel reviews misleadingly wax
lyrically about Galle Fort’s pastels, yet in reality the majority of the
buildings are whitewashed or sand coloured. The local architecture reflects the
styles of former colonial powers (Portuguese, Dutch and British) harmonised
with Sri Lankan designs ornately carved in wood or cast in stonework. The
buildings are well-adapted to the local climate: verandas and balconies offer outdoor
living space, while louvered windows allow indoor ventilation; then shutters are
used to keep out heat and daylight as well as inclement weather. Further
insulation is provided by the barrel-shaped terracotta roof tiles, equally
favoured for their durability.
Long before the arrival of Western seafarers
or colonists, Galle was a key maritime trading port on the Spice Route (from
Eastern China to Western Europe). Local cinnamon was exported to the Middle
East, as far back as 2,000 B.C.; and ivory and peacocks were sent to King
Solomon!
It was then in the 16th century that the
Portuguese instigated the fortification of Galle, which was somewhat by default
as it had merely been their haven in a storm. The Dutch subsequently seized
Galle in the mid-17th century when lending their support to the Sinhalese,
peeved by the Portuguese presence in their country. The fortress and community
were greatly transformed by these Dutch colonists, improving the housing and
the infrastructure – their state-of-the-art sewerage system still exists today!
Changing events in Europe led to the British rule of ‘Ceylon’ from 1796. Their
new name for the country was not dissimilar to the Dutch ‘Seylon’, which
evolved from the Portuguese ‘Ceilao’ based on the Latin ‘Seelan’, commonly used
in Europe at that time.
The successful tea and rubber plantations of
the British era not only popularised the nation of Ceylon across the globe, but
also gave rise to further development of Galle harbour and refinements to the
existing infrastructure. Elegant houses and ‘home comforts’ were provided for
the plantation owners, including libraries, billiard rooms, tennis courts and
even a race-course! Banks and other financial institutions were established, along
with a postal and telegraph system; trains were also introduced, followed by
motor cars – long before the arrival of the ubiquitous ‘tuk-tuk’ auto-rickshaw.
Galle Fort’s vibrant history has created a
multi-ethnic and multi-religious population – principally artists, writers,
photographers, designers and poets – that lives together in harmony. Totalling
approximately 90,000, over half of these are Sinhalese, followed by a strong
Moor presence; the rest are either Malay, Eurasian or expatriates of the former
colonies. The small businesses reflect this arty multi-cultural community:
cafés serve gelatos and espressos, while chic restaurants offer fusion cuisine;
and boutiques sell handmade ornate accessories and embroidered, printed
clothing. Authentically maintained and restored, the impressive colonial-style
hotels include ‘The Galle Fort Hotel’, said to be ‘a living piece of history’.
Dutch street signs also echo a bygone era; and the name Ceylon is nostalgically
present, from commercial signs to retro souvenirs. It is still considered by
some to symbolise prestige, despite the official name change to ‘Sri Lanka’
(resplendent island) when it became a republic in 1972.
The preservation of Galle Fort is largely due
to its previous trading wealth, as well its governance over the years. The
current Heritage Foundation and affiliate institutions clearly work hard to
protect, preserve and develop the Fort’s history and archaeology – thereby
meriting its status as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The ancient interior is
equally protected by its ramparts, resilient over the centuries and thankfully
not breached by the Boxing Day tsunami of 2004.
Galle Fort is certainly a unique place,
ideally visited at leisure with time to stop and stare and enjoy many an
enchanting tale while sipping tea in the shade of a veranda.
Back to Nature
By contrast, you can discover Sri Lanka’s
rustic reality by meandering along a bumpy dirt track, through cattle fields
and palm tree plantations, that takes you to the ecolodge, ‘Huma Terra’ – the promise
of good fortune. You will be greeted by your host, Jean-Loup, a French expat
who is nevertheless very much at home, commonly attired in a Sri Lankan sarong;
while his long hair, beard and sun-weathered face gives him a rather bohemian
air. Jean-Loup’s quiet demeanour may hide his warm-hearted character, but this will
doubtlessly emerge during your stay … starting with him gallantly carrying your
suitcases up the steep steps to your unique accommodation. Cradled in the
branches of a large tree, this enchanting abode is reminiscent of childhood
fairy tales.
Huma Terra is a perfect place for an
eco-retreat – literally in the heart of nature. Strategically located for
tranquil privacy, each of its five treehouses is a circular structure wrapped
around a tree trunk and topped with palms. Mosquito screens replace walls and
windows, creating an open-air ambiance. The carefully thought-out design and
construction, in locally-sourced quality materials, reflect the unrelenting
dedication of Jean-Loup and his French wife Solange. Having spent a substantial
length of time searching to find the best location, it took several years of
hard work before finally realising their dream. Surrounded by palm forest and
rice fields, they had evidently found the ideal terrain – complete with freely
roaming animals and family donkey peering from his pasture. The property itself
is naturally landscaped with an array of tropical plants and flowers.
Harmonised with this flora and fauna are the wooden cabanas housing the lounge
area, dining room, bar and kitchen; next to which is the pool whose dark jade
tiles merge with the verdant vegetation beyond its infinity edge.
Amongst her many roles, Solange is the chef
de cuisine, who creatively prepares gourmet dishes using fresh local
ingredients. And breakfast, or should I say ‘petit déjeuner’, is very French
with ‘pain et confiture’ and even a Sri Lankan croissant known as ‘kimbula
banis’. They also serve pressed juice and local eggs; and the pièce de
resistance is the freshly ground coffee – a welcomed contrast to the instant
Nescafé that Sri Lankans proudly offer to tourists!
It is a truly beautiful place to spend a few
days simply unwinding, reading, swimming or even exploring the environs of Huma
Terra through forest and fields – where you may occasionally come across a
small dwelling or a few curious children, friendly dogs or locals going about
their day.
Huma Terra is the perfect place to end this
southern jaunt, where you can reflect upon fond memories of curious contrasts on
this resplendent island.